ANALISIS ASPEK PERUBAHAN FONETIK DAN FONEMIK BAGI KATA SERAPAN BAHASA ARAB DALAM BUKU TEKS PENDIDIKAN ISLAM SEKOLAH RENDAH

Abstract

Phonetic and phonemic changes are important aspects of the discussion of absorption of Arabic words (KSBA) in Malay and in particular the jawi text. The objective of this study is to identify the characteristics and frequency of phonemic phonetic changes in absorption of Arabic words in Primary School Islamic Education textbooks. The absorption of Arabic words is analyzed according to Crowley's phonetic and phonemic change theory (1987) which divides it into several types, namely lenition, apocope, sincope, ephentesis, paragog, rephonemicization, metathesis and assimilation. The data in the form of the absorption of Arabic words is obtained from Islamic Education School Textbooks Year 1 to Year 6 (KSSR). In analyzing data, references were made to the Malay-Jawi-Rumi Glossary (DKBM) 2008, as a basic reference and guidance in the spelling and pronunciation of Arabic absorption words. For purposes of comparison to the original spelling of Arabic Loanwords, we refer to Kamus Besar Arab-Melayu Dewan (DBP, 2015) which lists words of Arabic origin. The words obtained from textbooks are then analyzed based on the instruments being constructed, namely BAKSBA (1) and (2). This instrument has been tested on its validity and reliability through the approval of experts and inter / intra rater techniques.

The study found that the Arabic Loanwords found in Islamic primary school textbooks are made up of almost all categories of the phonemic changes, in particular categories of lenition, apocope, sincope, ephentesis, and paragog. The highest number is in the syncope category, which is 46%, and was followed by Lenition, which was a 19.4%. The findings of this study have implications in assisting teachers in teaching and facilitating (pdpc) in terms of changes to the KSBA and their impact in terms of spelling in Jawi script; further knowledge of comparisons of his spelling in Arabic which enhances understanding of pupils in Jawi learning in addition to the learned Arabic language, thereby increasing the performance of the Jawi, Islamic Education and Arabic language lessons in schools.