CABARAN KEPIMPINAN INSTRUKSIONAL GURU BESAR SEKOLAH RENDAH DI BANDAR DAN LUAR BANDAR DI SANDAKAN, SABAH

Abstract

This study aimd to identify the challenges of instructional leadership of head teachers and examine how school leadership addresses the challenges effectively. The data, of this qualitative case study design were collected from observation, interviews and document analysis. Interview questions were prepared based on the Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale (PIMRS) instrument by Hallinger (1985) and adapted to the research framework of Bossert et.al. (1982). Two head teachers were selected based on their experienced as senior assistants before becoming head teachers. Two teachers also selected to be a respondent. The results of this study indicate that the head teachers faced challenges that affected to their leadership effectiveness. The challenges were categorized as self-challenges, resource challenges, system challenges and environmental challenges. The findings of this study imply that stakeholders such as PPD, JPNS, KPM and IAB need to enhance leadership empowerment in schools. This study could be a guide to prospective school leaders. The study suggests that future research need to focus on the effectiveness of instructional leadership on school excellence.